(Finland) Finnair @·AIRCRAFTUBE

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    Convair 440
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  • Douglas DC-3 Douglas DC-3
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    The Ju-52 "Kaleva" of Aero-O/Y that was shot down in June 1940
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    Airbus A300
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    Convair CV.440 Metropolitan (1970)
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  • Junkers G23 (of Ad Astra Aero) Junkers G23 (of Ad Astra Aero)
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    Sud Aviation Caravelle (Basle - 1976)
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  • Airbus A350 Airbus A350
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  • ATR-42-300 (1987) ATR-42-300 (1987)
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  • Douglas DC-10-30 Douglas DC-10-30
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  • B737-210C Finnair Cargo (1990) B737-210C Finnair Cargo (1990)
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  • Convair CV.440<br>(1953) Convair CV.440<br>(1953)
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    Douglas DC-3 at Jyvaskyla, in 1959
  • Douglas DC-9-14 (1981) Douglas DC-9-14 (1981)
    Douglas DC-9-14 (1981)
  • The Junkers F.13 of Aero K Sald that disappeared in November 1927 over the Bay of Finland The Junkers F.13 of Aero K Sald that disappeared in November 1927 over the Bay of Finland
    The Junkers F.13 of Aero K Sald that disappeared in November 1927 over the Bay of Finland
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Finnair

Finnair (Finnish: Finnair Oyj, Swedish: Finnair Abp) is the flag carrier and largest airline of Finland, with its headquarters in Vantaa and its main hub at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport. Finnair and its subsidiaries dominate both domestic and international air travel in Finland. Its major shareholder is the government of Finland, with 55.8% of the shares. Finnair is a member of the Oneworld airline alliance. In 2015, it transported over 10 million passengers to over 60 European, 13 Asian and 4 North-American destinations. As of January 2016, the airline employed 4,817 people.

Finnair is the fifth oldest airline in the world with uninterrupted existence. With no fatal or hull-loss accidents since 1963, Finnair is consistently on the list of safest airlines in the world (#3 in 2014).

Founding

In 1923, consul Bruno Lucander founded Finnair as Aero O/Y (Aero Ltd). The company code, "AY", originates from this; AY stands for Aero Yhtiö which means "company" in Finnish. Lucander had previously run the Finnish operations of the Estonian airline Aeronaut. In mid-1923 he concluded an agreement with Junkers Flugzeugwerke AG to provide aircraft and technical support in exchange for a 50% ownership in the new airline. The charter establishing the company was signed in Helsinki on 12 September 1923, and the company was entered into the trade register on 11 December 1923. The first flight was on 20 March 1924 from Helsinki to Tallinn, Estonia on a Junkers F 13 aircraft equipped with floats. The seaplane service ended in December 1936 following the construction of the first aerodromes in Finland.

World War II

Air raids on Helsinki and other Finnish cities made World War II a difficult period for the airline. Half the fleet was requisitioned by the Finnish Air Force and it is estimated that, during the Winter War of 1939 and 1940, half of the airline's passengers were children being evacuated to Sweden.

Immediate postwar period

The Finnish government acquired a majority stake in the company in 1946 and re-established services to Europe in November 1947, initially using the Douglas DC-3. In 1953, the airline began branding itself as Finnair. The Convair 440 twin-engined pressurised airliner was acquired from January 1953 and these faster aircraft were operated on the company's longer routes as far as London.

Jet Age (1970s)

In 1961, Finnair joined the jet age by adding Rolls-Royce Avon-engined Caravelles to its fleet. These were later exchanged with the manufacturer for Pratt & Whitney JT8D-engined Super Caravelles. In 1962, Finnair acquired a 27% controlling interest in a private Finnish airline, Kar-Air. Finnair Oy became the company's official name on 25 June 1968. In 1969, it took possession of its first U.S. made jet, a Douglas DC-8. The first transatlantic service to New York was inaugurated on 15 May 1969. In the 1960s Finnair's head office was in Helsinki.

Finnair received its first widebody aircraft in 1975, two DC-10-30 planes. The first of these arrived on 4 February 1975 and entered service on 14 February 1975, flying between Helsinki and Las Palmas.

In 1979, Finnair established a subsidiary company Finnaviation for domestic operations, with a 60% stake.

Expansion (1980s)

In 1983, Finnair became the first operator to fly non-stop from Western Europe to Japan operating Helsinki-Tokyo flights with one McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30ER. Until then, flights had to go via Moscow (Aeroflot, SAS, BA) or Anchorage (most carriers) due to Soviet airspace restrictions, but Finnair circumvented these by flying directly north from Helsinki, over the North Pole and back south through the Bering Strait, avoiding the Soviet airspace. The aircraft was fitted with extra fuel tanks, taking 13 hours for the trip. The routes through Soviet airspace and with a stopover in Moscow also took 13 hours, but flights with a stopover at Anchorage took up to 16 hours, giving Finnair a competitive edge. In the spring of 1986, Soviet regulators finally cleared the way for Air France, SABENA and Japan Airlines to fly nonstop Paris-Tokyo services over Soviet airspace, putting Finnair at a disadvantage.

Finnair launched a Helsinki-Beijing route in 1988, making Finnair the first Western European carrier to fly non-stop between Europe and China. In 1989, Finnair became the launch customer for the McDonnell Douglas MD-11, the first of which was delivered on 7 December 1990. The first revenue service with the MD-11 took place on 20 December 1990, with OH-LGA operating a flight from Helsinki to Tenerife in the Canary Islands.

Operations on subsidiary airlines (1990s–2000s)

In 1997, the subsidiaries Kar-Air and Finnaviation became wholly owned by Finnair, and were integrated into the mainline operations. On 25 September 1997, the company's official name was changed to Finnair Oyj.

In 1999, Finnair joined the Oneworld airline alliance. In 2001, Finnair reused the name "Aero" when establishing Aero Airlines, a subsidiary airline based in Tallinn, Estonia.

In 2003, Finnair acquired ownership of the Swedish low-cost airline, FlyNordic, which operated mainly within Scandinavia. In 2007, Finnair sold all its shares in FlyNordic to Norwegian Air Shuttle. As part of the transaction, Finnair acquired 4.8% of the latter company, becoming its third largest shareholder. Finnair later sold their shares in 2013.

On 8 March 2007, Finnair became the first airline to order the Airbus A350 XWB aircraft, placing an order for 11 aircraft (plus 8 options), with delivery to start in 2015.

Labour disputes and restructuring (2006–present)

Finnair has suffered from many labour disputes in this period, resulting from cost-cutting measures prompted by competition from budget airlines.

On 1 December 2011, Finnair transferred its baggage and apron services to Swissport International as per a five-year agreement signed on 7 November 2011. Mr Mika Vehviläinen, then CEO of Finnair, said: "Our aim is to further improve the quality, speed and cost effectiveness of our baggage handling and apron services. Swissport is a global player with extensive experience in ground services in international airports, and their competencies and processes are world-class."

Previously operated aircraft

Finnair has previously operated the following equipment:

Aircraft Introduced Retired Notes
Airbus A300B4-200FF 1986 2004 with a 2-crew cockpit
Boeing 757-200 1997 2014
Convair CV-440 Metropolitan 1953 1980
de Havilland Dragon Rapide 1937 1947
Douglas DC-2 1941 1948
Douglas DC-3 1947 1969
Douglas DC-8-62CF 1969 1981
Douglas DC-8-62 1975 1985
Douglas DC-9 1971 2003
Embraer E-170 2005 2016
Fokker F-27 1980 1987
Junkers F 13 1924 1935
Junkers G 24 1926 1935
Junkers Ju 52/3m 1932 1949
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 /-30ER 1975 1996
McDonnell Douglas MD-11 1990 2009 Launch Customer,
Cargo version operated 2010–2011
McDonnell Douglas MD-82 / -83 / -87 1983 2006
Sud Aviation Caravelle 1A 1960 1961
Sud Aviation Caravelle III 1961 1964
Sud Aviation Caravelle 10B 1964 1983

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This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Finnair of Wikipedia ( authors )
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